Web Accessibility: Quality, Legal Requirements, and Common Sense
Many businesses treat web accessibility as a tedious checklist they must get through to avoid fines. That is a misunderstanding. Accessibility is not about building special solutions for a small group of people with disabilities. It is about quality.
When a website is accessible, it means the code is robust, the design is logical, and the language is clear. The result is a solution that works better for everyone -- whether you are blind and use a screen reader, have a broken arm and need to navigate with a keyboard, or are sitting on the bus with sunlight on the screen and forgot your glasses.
Web accessibility is simply good digital hygiene. It is the difference between a solution that excludes and one that invites your entire market in.
Is this actually required by law?
Short answer: Yes, and the requirements are getting stricter.
Norway has long had some of the world's strictest regulations in this area. Through the Equality and Anti-Discrimination Act and the Regulation on Universal Design of ICT Solutions, all new ICT solutions aimed at the general public must meet accessibility standards.
EAA -- The European Accessibility Act
There has been a perception that these rules mainly apply to public sector organisations. That is changing now. With the introduction of the European Accessibility Act (EAA), which takes full effect in Norway in 2025/2026, requirements tighten significantly for the private sector.
This directive specifically targets products and services such as e-commerce (online stores), banking services, transport, e-books, and streaming services. If you operate an online store today and do not meet the requirements, you risk sanctions when the new rules take effect. Norway's Digitalisation Agency conducts inspections and can impose daily fines on businesses that fail to comply.
What is WCAG and why does it matter?
To measure whether a website is accessible, we use the international standard WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines). In Norway, the current requirement is WCAG 2.1 level AA (with 2.2 emerging as the new international standard).
This can sound technical, but it boils down to four straightforward principles:
- Perceivable: Users must be able to access the content. That means good contrast for those with low vision, and text descriptions on images so screen readers can convey them.
- Operable: Everything must be achievable with a keyboard. If the mouse or trackpad does not work (or the user has motor impairments), the site must still function fully.
- Understandable: Navigation must be predictable, error messages must make sense, and language must be clear. A button should look like a button.
- Robust: The code must be clean enough to work with assistive technologies (like screen readers) and across different browsers and devices.
Important: Automated testing tools only catch the tip of the iceberg (roughly 20-30% of issues). Real compliance requires a human to test the solution manually.
Why does accessibility pay off beyond avoiding fines?
We prioritize accessibility in all our projects. Not just because the law demands it, but because it makes business sense:
1. You reach your entire market
In Norway, between 15% and 20% of the population has a disability. Add the ageing population on top of that. If your website does not work for these groups, you are sending every fifth customer straight to your competitor. That is bad business.
2. Google is your most important blind user
This is perhaps the strongest argument for marketers. Search engines like Google "see" your website the same way a screen reader does. They care about semantically correct code, logical heading hierarchy (H1, H2, H3), and good content descriptions. Good accessibility is often synonymous with good technical SEO.
3. The curb-cut effect
When lowered curbs were first built for wheelchair users, people discovered they were also excellent for parents with prams, travellers with rolling suitcases, and cyclists. The same applies digitally: sufficient contrast and clear language do not just help those with low vision -- they help everyone reading on a mobile screen in sunlight. Accessibility cleans up messy design and delivers a better user experience for absolutely everyone.
What pitfalls should you avoid?
The market is flooded with "quick fixes" for accessibility. Here are the traps to steer clear of:
- Overlay widgets ("Accessibility Overlays"): You may have seen icons of a wheelchair that open a menu to change contrast or font size. Many experts and users actively warn against these. They rarely solve the underlying code problems and can actually make the site harder to use for people who already have their own assistive technology installed.
- Blind faith in automated tests: "We ran a scan and got a green light." Unfortunately, that does not mean the site is compliant. An automated test can check whether an image has a text description, but it cannot check whether that description makes sense.
- Treating it as the developer's job alone: Accessibility happens in three phases: Design (contrast, font size), Development (code, keyboard handling), and Content (clear language, video captions). If the designer delivers low contrast, the developer cannot "code it right."
How do we solve it for you?
We work directly in the code -- whether you use React, Vue, WordPress, Optimizely, or Sanity. We believe in craftsmanship over shortcuts.
Our Approach to Accessibility
We dive into the source code. We replace meaningless markup ("div soup") with semantic HTML and ensure that focus management works seamlessly. This is especially critical in modern SPA frameworks (Single Page Applications) where page transitions often confuse screen readers.
Automated scanners are not enough. We test manually with keyboard and screen reader (such as NVDA or VoiceOver) to uncover the actual barriers users face. We navigate through your online store blindfolded to verify that the purchase flow actually works.
Received a negative report from a regulator or auditor? We help you close violations quickly and efficiently. We prioritise the critical errors that block usage first (A-level requirements) and work systematically through the list.
What is an accessibility statement?
An accessibility statement is a legally required document that must be visible on your website. It should honestly communicate:
- How accessible is the website?
- Which known issues exist that have not been fixed yet?
- How can users report problems if they get stuck?
All public organisations must have this today. With the new EU directive, this requirement will extend to large parts of the private sector as well. It is no longer enough to say "we are working on it" -- you must document it.
We help you through the entire process: from the technical assessment to filling out the form and meeting Digdir's requirements.
What accessibility services does PXL offer?
We adapt to your needs, whether you need a quick check, training, or a full renovation.
- Accessibility Audit: A thorough review of your website with an understandable report. We rank errors by severity so you know what is critical and what can wait.
- Development and Remediation: We do not just point out the errors -- we actually fix them. Our developers know how to refactor code so it becomes compliant without breaking the design.
- Training and Competence: Accessibility is perishable knowledge. We train your editors, designers, and developers. The goal is for you to maintain an accessible solution independently, without relying on consultants forever.
- Design Systems: We build accessibility into your design system from the start. That means buttons, colors, and forms are pre-approved before they are ever used on the website.
Why choose PXL for accessibility?
We differ from pure advisory firms in that we are developers and designers at our core. We do not just deliver a PDF listing problems -- we deliver working code.
We understand why the error occurred, and we know how to change the architecture to remove it permanently. Our approach is pragmatic: we fix the critical blockers first, then work systematically toward an optimal experience for all users.
